Working at Height in Construction

🛠️ Understanding the Risks and Responsibilities

In the high-stakes environment of construction, few risks carry as grave a consequence as working at height. Despite decades of safety advancements, it remains the leading cause of fatal and serious injuries across the industry—especially on smaller projects. According to the UK Health and Safety Executive (HSE), over 60% of deaths related to work at height involve falls from ladders, scaffolds, working platforms, or through fragile roofs and rooflights.

This sobering reality demands a structured, safety-first approach from everyone involved—from planners and supervisors to those working directly on site.

⚠️ Common Hazards at Height

  • Inadequate planning or failure to complete thorough risk assessments
  • Lack of information or training, including poor supervision
  • Unprotected edges, roof openings, and fragile surfaces
  • Improper use of equipment—not suited for the task or used incorrectly
  • Equipment failure—ladders, platforms, anchor points
  • Uneven or unstable ground during installation of working platforms
  • Adverse weather conditions—rain, wind, poor visibility
  • Manual handling of heavy loads at elevation
  • Falling tools or materials
  • Electrical hazards, such as overhead cables
  • Fatigue and complacency reducing situational awareness

👷 Who Is at Risk?

Work at height affects a broad range of professionals across construction. Key roles exposed to these risks include:

RoleCommon Risks
Scaffold InstallersFalls during erection/dismantling, unstable structures, incomplete platforms
RoofersFragile surfaces, unprotected edges, weather exposure
Plant & Equipment InstallersWorking on HVAC, ducting, lighting, pipework at elevation
Crane/Hoist OperatorsLadder work, MEWP transfers, awkward postures
General TradesCarpenters, steel fixers, painters, glaziers—during various project phases
Maintenance CrewsRoutine tasks in risky elevated areas
Inspectors/SurveyorsAccessing high or hard-to-reach locations, often on temporary platforms

🧰 Strengthening Safety with Proactive Measures

To mitigate these risks, a combination of planning, equipment selection, and training is critical. Organisations should adopt a layered safety strategy including:

  • Comprehensive training and toolbox talks—e.g. ladders, scaffold setup, MEWP operation
  • Clear warning signage, particularly for fragile roofs and restricted zones
  • Visual edge marking when guardrails or barriers aren’t feasible
  • Prepared emergency rescue procedures for suspended workers

🔍 Final Thoughts

Work at height isn’t inherently unsafe—but it becomes deadly when improperly managed. Everyone on site, from senior supervisors to subcontractors, shares responsibility for identifying and controlling these risks.

By fostering a culture of accountability, regular communication, and proactive safety planning, we can significantly reduce the devastating impact of falls—and build a safer, more resilient construction industry.

IOSH Working at height tool kit

Steps and Ladders course